Finance & Tax
Cost of Capital and EVA: Tools for Strategic Financial Decisions
Cost of Capital is the minimum rate of return or profit a company must earn….
PGBP vs Book Profit – Including Cash Disallowance –Section 40A (3)
Section 43B of the Income Tax Act provides a list of expenses can be claimed as…
The Value of the Firm: Relevance of Debt–Equity Mix
Why do investors buy shares of a company? Ans: For dividend For capital appreciation For…
TDS on Salary and Consequences of Non-Compliance
Good morning, students. This is my second class on TDS, because in our previous session…
TDS: An Overview of Understanding Compliance
The bell had just rung, but Mohit and Mrinmoy were still seated, flipping through their…
Dealing in Foreign Exchange through Nostro, Vostro and Loro
Cross-border payments play a key role in international business. To facilitate dealing in foreign exchange,…
Stamp Duty Value vs Actual Sale Price: Which One Governs Capital Gains Tax?
Stam duty value is the value adopted by the Stamp Valuation Authority (SVA) to levy…
Regular or Composition? Understanding the Right GST Option
The composition levy is an alternative method of levy of tax designed for small taxpayers….
Understanding Key GST Returns and the Reconciliation Process
GST reconciliation refers to the act of comparing the GST returns filled by the taxpayer with…
Rebate, Marginal Relief, Surcharge and Tax Liability in Tax Management
Chandrakant asked: Sir, Tell something about rebate u/s 87A Professor said: Rebate is a tax…
Sections 54, 54EC and 54F: Relief from LTCG Tax
Capital gains do not always lead to tax liability. Long-term capital gains tax liability can…
Arbitrage Learning in Business Strategy
In theory, a given currency should carry the same price in different locations/markets. However, market…
Tax Treatment of Share Transactions in Income Tax
Share capital is the most popular and convenient source of long term finance for companies….
Equity or Debt? Understanding Financial Breakeven and Indifference Point
The students were settling into the Corporate Finance class, some eagerly taking the front seats…
Capital Gains: Basic Concepts and Tax Treatment
Akash and Mukesh sitting in a college cafeteria after class. Akash looks worried, scrolling through…
Cross Rate Application in Business Scenarios
A cross rate is the currency exchange between two currencies where neither are the official…
Optimum Capital Structure and Capitalisation
Capital structure refers to the mix of debt, equity, and hybrid securities that a business…
Risk–Return Dynamics: A Case Study Discussion
The professor looks at the students and says, Students, case studies are excellent for understanding…
Risk–Return Relationship in Corporate Finance
We all know one basic rule of finance — higher risk demands higher return. But…
Income from House Property: Understanding Different Scenarios
Before we delve into the computations, let us first understand the various types of house…
GAV and NAV Explained: The Foundation of House Property Income
Before computing Income from House Property, it is essential to clearly understand the concepts of…
Residential Status vs Scope of Total Income
While residential status of an individual is based on physical presence, the residential status of…
Exchange Rates: Concepts and Real-World Applications
Foreign exchange quotation is the amount of currency that is exchanged for a unit of…
Provision and Reserve: Important for Accounting and Growth
Reserve is the term which refers to a sum or percentage of profit that a…
Magic figure of Residential Status
The magic figures of the number of days used to determine residential status under the…
Understanding Direct Tax Compliance: A High-Level View
Direct tax is something that every earning individual faces in life. Even if you are…
Understanding Leverage: Risk behind Business Decisions
The classroom was unusually quiet today. Students sat alert, notebooks open, eyes fixed on the…
Different Forms of International Business through the BOP Framework
International Business (IB) refers to the exchange of goods, services, capital across national borders and…
Balance of Payments (BOP) through Cross-Border Financial Transactions
The balance of payments (BOP) summarizes the economic transactions of an economy with the rest…
Understand Forex Basics in the Global Financial World
Whenever business activities are restricted within a country, transactions are conducted in a single domestic…
International Business through the Lens of International Finance
I recently attended a session where the speaker began an insightful discussion on the forms…
Sources of Finance: A Classroom Moment
The professor walked into the class, smiled at the students, and asked: Before we move…
Corporate Finance Secrets: Decisions That Change Everything
Corporate Finance is not just numbers—it is the art of making strategic financial decisions. It…
International Finance: Crossing Borders with Finance
Some students are attending a lecture on International Finance, and the professor begins by discussing…
The World of Perquisites: The Hidden Part of Your Salary
If you want to understand how perquisites work in salary, just scroll through this story….
Input Tax Credit and Key GST Return Forms—You Must Know
If you’re a businessman, you know that every rupee matters so it essential for managing…
Understand Income Tax Assessment for your Benefit
The income tax assessment procedure is a systematic process undertaken by the Income Tax Department…
Deductions & Taxable Income — Old vs New Tax Regime
Tax planning plays an important role in managing finances effectively. It involves arranging financial affairs in…
AS or IND AS – What’s the difference?
Accounting is a process of recording an organization’s financial transactions in order to make important…
Final Accounts vs. Financial Statements Dilemma
Accounting is simply the language of business. Just as people keep a personal diary to…
NEW-GEN GST – A Revolutionary Approach
Background Before GST was implemented, the VAT system was being followed in the country. The…
Common Perception- Know Income from Other Sources!
For India, “individuals with 60 years of human life and above are “recognised” as elderly…
Set Off and Carry Forward of Losses — Every Tax Payer must Know
Be alert before filing your tax return! My student, Ankit, has always been a serious…
Income from Salary — Understand Real World Pay Roll Structure
Understanding the head ‘Income from Salary’ is important for students because when students after graduating…
One Business with Two Profits—The Puzzle
Imagine you are going to appear for an interview for the post of ‘Tax Associate’…
Depreciation Riddle under Two Different Acts
Let’s begin this discussion with a question asked by one of the students in my…
Undisclosed Income – A Trap for Tax Evasion
Compliance is an essential expectation of every sphere if it’s a contribution to the nation’s…
Avoid Double Taxation without Headache
I was lounging in my living room on a Sunday morning when my next-door neighbor…
VDAs in India and it’s Regulatory Framework
Introduction Digitalisation means the transition from analogue to digital methods of recording and transmitting information…
The Income Tax Act 2025- A Smarter and Simplified Tax System
The new Income Tax Act, 2025 will be applicable from 1st April, 2026, replacing the six-decade-existing…